Digitization work has been carried out for entire analysis of basin morphometry using GIS software (ArcGIS ver: 9.0). The region is characterized by dominance of moderate absolute relief and drainage frequency, low relative relief and dissection index, moderately fine drainage density and moderate slope. Trans Am Geophys Union 38:913–920, Strahler AN (1964) Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basins and channelnetworks. The nature and structure of the area are responsible for erosion and recession of rivers. McGraw Hill Book Company, New York (Section 7-1), Grohmann CH (2004) Morphometric analysis in geographic information systems: applications of free software GRASS and R. Comput Geosci 30:1055–1067, Hadley RF, Schumm SA (1961) Sediment sources and drainage basin characteristics in upper Cheyenne River Basin. The slope map of Kanhar basin is shown in Fig. The elevation of the basin ranges from a low height of 180 m where the Kanhar meets the Son River to 1,223 m (Gaurlpat) at Kavradara in Sarguja district of Chhattisgarh. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 33(4):531–539, Chorley RJ, Schumm SA, Sugden DE (1984) Geomorphology. It is the home to various tribes and natives which lived here since long. The maximum stream order frequency is observed in case of first-order streams and then for second order. Mean stream length (Lsm) reveals the characteristic size of components of a drainage network and its contributing surfaces (Strahler 1964). 2012b). Journal of Emerging Technology in Mechanical Science and Engineering, 4(2), 129-142, (2013a). The pour point of the basin is shown in Fig. The stream length ratio of Kanhar basin showed an increasing trend. The total drainage area of the Kanhar River basin is 5,654 km2. Higher drainage density is associated with the basin of weak and impermeable subsurface material, sparse vegetation and high relief. The drainage area of the basin is 5,654 km2 and shows sub-dendritic to dendritic drainage pattern. 2013. According to Schumn (1956), the term bifurcation ratio (Rb) may be defined as the ratio of the number of the stream segments of given order to the number of segments of the next higher orders. 1). Morphometric analysis and prioritization of ... m above mean sea level (msl). Schumm (1963) also stated that it is a dimensionless height-length ratio equal to the tangent of angle formed by two planes intersecting at the mouth of the basin, one representing the horizontal and other passing through the highest point of the basin. The irregular nature of this surface also indicates the completion of the denudation cycle. Hence, it is noticed that there is a decrease in stream frequency as the stream order increases and vice versa. Morphometric analysis of Barpani River basin has been done using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing techniques. Triangular irregular network (a), drainage density map (b) and perspective views of digital terrain model (DTM) from different angles (c, d), respectively. It is also well observed that remote sensing satellite data is emerging as the most effective, time saving and accurate technique for morphometric analysis of a basin. Drainage characteristics of basin and sub-basin have been studied using conventional methods (Horton, 1945; Miller, 1953; Strahler, 1964). In the study area, Rc value of different sub-watershed of Kanhar basin is ranging from 0.246 to 0.411 (Table 10; Fig. Laterite and Clay 6. Details of stream order of several tributaries of Kanhar River and their sub-watershed area are shown in the Table 2. Morphometric analysis of Sukhna Lake watershed located in Chandigarh covering Punjab and Haryana was carried by using GIS technique. The potential of ASTER DEM data and GIS in drainage basin morphometry was verified in comparison with conventional methods. Int J Geomat Geosci 2(2):403–414, Shreve RW (1969) Stream lengths and basin areas in topologically random channel networks. Strahler’s system of classification designates a segment with no tributaries as a first-order stream. A GIS-based approach in drainage morphometric analysis of Kanhar River Basin, India. 5c and d) . Mean stream length (km) of sub-watershed of Kanhar basin based on stream order is shown in the Table 5. Aster DEM is used to prepare slope, aspect and contour maps. Kanhar basin is mainly dominated by lower order streams. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, Singh S (1995) Quantitative analysis of watershed geomorphology using remote sensing techniques. Miller (1953) stated circularity ratio is the ratio of the area of the basins to the area of circle having the same circumference as the perimeter of the basin. Morphometric analysis is best method for isolation of problem through which precise descriptions of the geometry of landforms could be harnessed as data could be collected, organized, and analyzed and visualized using remote sensing integrated with GIS techniques to resolve the applications. GIS is a powerful tool for the analysis rel ating to watershed morphometric parameters. The digital elevation model (DEM) of the area was generated to deduce the morphometric parameters like drainage basin area, drainage density, drainage order, relief and network diameter in GIS environment. The Kanhar originates at Gidha-Dhodha on the Khudia plateau in Jashpur district of Chhattisgarh. A widely acknowledged principle of morphometry is that drainage basin morphology reflects various geological and geomorphological processes over time, as indicated by various morphometric studies (Horton 1945; Strahler 1952, 1964; Muller 1968; Shreve 1969; Evans 1972, 1984; Chorley et al. A circular basin is more efficient in runoff discharge than an elongated basin (Singh and Singh 1997). Rh for Kanhar basin is calculated, i.e., 0.092. Bull Geol Soc Am 56:275–370, Hurtrez JE, Sol C, Lucazeau F (1999) Effect of drainage area on hypsometry from an analysis of small-scale drainage basins in the Siwalik hills (central Nepal). Agarwal CS (1998) Study of drainage pattern through aerial data in Naugarh area of Varanasi district, U.P. Essays in geomorphology. Lower Rewa Sandstone 15. The climate of the watershed is characterized by hot summer and well-distributed rainfall during the monsoon season. Low, medium and high values of Rc indicate the young, mature, and old stages of the life cycle of the tributary watershed (John Wilson et al. Limestone, shales and conglomerates are found mixed with sedimentary rocks are met in the area. Different sub-watershed of Kanhar River basin is shown in the Fig. This is in consonance with the latest developments and researches as cited above. Newer Alluvium 4. The stream orders are classified up to seventh orders in the Kanhar basin. 2011; Gayen et al. The goal of the present study is to analyze the linear and areal morphometric characteristics of drainage basin in south-eastern part of Nigeria using Geographical Information System (GIS), as so far no exhaustive work on the morphometric investigation of the region has been carried out. Extraction of Kanhar River basin boundary through ASTER data. Oxford University Press Inc., New York, Chopra R, Raman DD, Sharma PK (2005) Morphometric analysis of sub-watersheds in Gurdaspur district, Punjab using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Some features of the site may not work correctly. It is well established that the influence of drainage morphometry is very significant in understanding the landform processes, soil physical properties and erosional characteristics. Am J Sci 248:655–668, Smith B, Sandwell D (2003) Accuracy and resolution of shuttle radar topography mission data. 2011). 2011). Further, quantitative morphometric analysis of drainage networks is considered the key approach for understanding the hydro-morphological processes acting over drainage basins. The study area is located on the northern fringe of peninsular shield of India. It has been sub divided into four second-order morpho-units, namely Lahsunpat Bhalanad hills, Galphula-Kanhar confluence, Semarkhar-Rigar divide and Kusmi upland. 6b). Google Scholar, Burrough PA (1986) Principles of geographical information systems for land resources assessment. This is mainly due to the diversity of slope and relief pattern of the basin. Morphometric analysis of the reservoir basins is considered to be the most satisfactory method because it enables in understanding of the relationship of various aspects within a drainage basin , a comparative evaluation to be made of different drainage basins developed in different geomorphological and topographical conditions or situations. Bonfring Int J Ind Eng Manag Sci 2(1):32–35, Magesh NS, Jitheshlal KV, Chandrasekar N, Jini KV (2012b) GIS based morphometric evaluation of Chimmini and Mupily watersheds, parts of Western Ghats, Thrissur District, Kerala. Earth Surf Process Landform 24:799–808, John Wilson JS, Chandrasekar N, Magesh NS (2012) Morphometric analysis of major Sub Watersheds in Aiyar & Karai Pottanar Basin, Central Tamil Nadu, India using Remote Sensing & GIS Techniques. The maximum stream order frequency is observed in case of first-order streams and then for second order. The analysis of the drainage does not appear to be complete if it lacks the systematic approach towards the development of drainage basin in the area. In the present paper, morphometric analysis of the Kanhar River basin, based on several drainage parameters using remote sensing satellite data and latest GIS tools for drainage analysis, has been delineated. The mean bifurcation ratio (Rbm) characteristically ranges between 3.0 and 5.0 for a basin when the influence of geological structures on the drainage network is negligible (Verstappen 1983). In general, the area is flat and hilly towards western part of middle Kanhar basin and there are waterfalls of up to 30 m. The highest elevation of the basin (1,225 m Gaurlata) also lies in this region. doi:10.1007/s13201-013-0095-0, Mahadevaswamy G, Nagaraju D, Siddalingamurthy S, Lakshmamma MSL, Nagesh PC, Rao K (2011) Morphometric analysis of Nanjangud taluk, Mysore District, Karnataka, India, using GIS Techniques. The drainage pattern is dendritic in nature and it is influenced by the general topography, geology and rainfall condition of the area. Correspondence to The study intends to illustrate the procedure of assessing drainage network, basin geometry, drainage texture analysis, and relief morphometric parameters using geoprocessing tools provided by Arc GIS software. This change might be attributed to variation in slope and topography, indicating the late youth stage of geomorphic development in the streams of the Kanhar basin (Singh and Singh 1997; Vittala et al. The symbol AW denotes Tropical Swanah region. Relative relief is an important morphometric variable used for the assessment of morphological characteristics of any topography (Gayen et al. Channel frequency density serves as a tool in establishing the erosional processes operating over an area; to be more specific, the same in relation to the stream orders and their characteristics provides data which can throw light even on the sequences of relief developments and the degree of ruggedness in the area (Singh 1980). The output of the drainage network is smoothened using a smooth line tool in ArcGIS-9.3. The stream frequency value of the Kanhar basin is 2.45 km/km2. The GIS based morphometric analysis of these River Basins revealed that both the Asa River Basin and Oyun River Basins are fourth order basins which indicates their drainage pattern to be mainly dendritic type thereby showing homogeneity in texture and less of structural control. The notable tributaries of upper Kanhar basin are Semarkhar Nadi, Galphula Nadi and Suria Nadi. The DEM and the pour point are the two input parameters required for the extraction purpose. 2). Rai, P.K., Mohan, K., Mishra, S. et al. 6a. It has a rocky bed almost throughout its course. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 22(4):251–261, Obi Reddy GE, Maji AK, Gajbhiye KS (2002) GIS for morphometric analysis of drainage basins. (Rastogi and Sharma 1976; Magesh et al. Keywords: Morphometric, Elongation ratio, Form fa ctor, Shape factor, Circularity ratio 1. Morphometric analysis is best method for isolation of problem through which precise descriptions of the geometry of landforms could be harnessed as data could be collected, organized, and analyzed and visualized using remote sensing integrated with GIS techniques to resolve the applications. Pavankumar Giri, Pranaya Diwate, Yadao Kumar Mawale, Morphometric Analysis of Tapi Drainage Basin Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques, Sustainable Development Practices Using Geoinformatics, 10.1002/9781119687160, (57-72), (2020). J Geol 77:397–414, Singh KN (1980) Quantitative analysis of landfroms and settlement distribution in southern uplands of eastern Uttar Pradesh (India). 1. Reddy et al. Int J Geomat Geosci 1:179–187, Merritts D, Vincent KR (1989) Geomorphic response of coastal streams to low, intermediate, and high rates of uplift, Mendocino junction region, northern California. 2012). In: Proceedings of the Int. Upper Pleistocene to Recent 3. The surface runoff and flow intensity of the drainage system can be estimated using the geomorphic features associated with morphometric parameters (Ozdemir and Bird 2009). The tributaries of upper Kanhar watershed are Hathi Nala and Dhanmarwa Nala. It has been computed by dividing the total stream length of order ‘u’ by the number of stream segments in the order (Table 3). ITC J 4(3):252–259, Magesh NS, Chandrasekar N, Soundranayagam JP (2011) Morphometric evaluation of Papanasam and Manimuthar watersheds, parts of Western Ghats, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India: a GIS approach. J Mt Sci 10(1):731–741, Evans IS (1972) General geomorphometry, derivatives of altitude, and descriptive statistics. The region is characterized by dominance of moderately low absolute relief moderate drainage frequency, moderate relative relief, moderate dissection index, coarse drainage density moderate slope. Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Zurich., v 1. In this study, GIS and image processing techniques have been adopted for the and Pandey, A., Prioritization of Shakkar River catchment through Morphometric Analysis using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques. Geographical Information System (GIS) methods are now-a-days in usage for evaluating several terrain and morphometric parameters of the drainage basins and watersheds, as it provide a flexible atmosphere and a significant tool for the manipulation and … The morphometric parameters of basin can address linear, areal and relief aspects. In the present study, Rb for the each sub-watershed of Kanhar basin is given in the Table 7. Harper and Row, New York, pp 17–90, Evans IS (1984) Correlation structures and factor analysis in the investigation of data dimensionality: statistical properties of the Wessex land surface, England. The drainage network of the Kanhar basin is extracted from a series of geoprocessing tools in ARC GIS-9.3 (Fig. Geol Soc Am Bull 67:597–646, Schumm SA (1963) Sinuosity of alluvial rivers in the great plains. A morphometric analysis of Shanur basin has been carried out using geoprocessing techniques in GIS. In winter the temperatures does not go below 18 °C. Morphometry is the measurement and mathematical analysis of the configuration of the earth’s surface, shape and dimension of its landforms (Clarke 1996; Agarwal 1998; Obi Reddy et al. Ann Arid Zone 34(4):243–251, Singh S, Singh MB (1997) Morphometric analysis of Kanhar river basin. The morphometric parameters of Kanhar River basin have been calculated and the results are given in the Table 2. The used approaches in this study include a comprehensive morphometric analysis that can be applied for any drainage system elsewhere. Unconformity 10. generated to deduce the morphometric parameters like drainage basin area, drainage density, drainage order, relief and network diameter in GIS environment. DOI: 10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i3m.9330 Corpus ID: 219654098. The parameters were given to make the digital data base for drainage map of the stream basin are river number, river … These techniques are found relevant for the extraction of river basin and its drainage … The result of order-wise stream length in Kanhar basin is shown in Table 4. The value of form factor would always be greater than 0.78 for perfectly circular basin. 1:50000 scale with the help of Arc-GIS-10. 1999). The Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data have been used for drainage morphometric analysis and evaluating various morphometric parameters Linear aspect, Aerial aspect Relief aspect. The morphometric analysis of a drainage system is necessary in understanding the hydrological behavior of the watersheds. The morphometric analysis of the drainage basin is aimed to acquire accurate data of measurable features of stream network of the drainage basin. In general, the area is plateau type with gentle slope towards North. Son River plays an important role in increasing the catchment area of Ganga River. Bull Geol, Soc Am 63, Strahler AN (1957) Quantitative analysis of watershed geomorphology. The morphometric analysis of the drainage basin is aimed to acquire accurate data of measurable features of stream network of the drainage basin. It is noted that Lsm value of any stream order is greater than that of the lower order and less than that of its next higher order in the basin. Sand and gravel 7. The general budget, 2014–2015 passed in the Lok Sabha on 10th of July 2014 also promises for proper management of different water resources of the country. 3). Where two first-order stream segments join, they form a second-order stream segment and so on. 5. Hydrologic and geomorphic processes occur within the watershed and morphometric characterization at the watershed scale reveals information regarding formation and development of land surface processes (Singh 1992, 1995; Dar et al. Sub-watershed of Kanhar River basin (a–g). PubMed Google Scholar. The channel segment numbers for unit areas are difficult to be enumerated (Singh 1980), but an attempt has been made to count stream frequency of Kanhar basin. According to Strahler (1964), the values of bifurcation ratio characteristically range between 3.0 and 5.0 for drainage basin in which the geological structures do not disturb the drainage pattern. The output of this method is a basis for creating a stream/drainage network grid with stream order based on Strahler 1964. It has been sub divided into six second-order morpho-units, namely Hathwani upland, Kanhar-Malia confluence, Gularia plain, Vinrhamganj upland, Dudhi upland and Baghmandwa upland. (Strahler 1964). Remote sensing satellite data and GIS techniques have been proved to be an effective tool in drainage delineation. and 55E/8 on the scale of 1:50,000 by the use of GIS software (Fig. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 439–476, Verstappen H (1983) The applied geomorphology. Stream length of different order under sub-watersheds of Kanhar basin is given in Table 4. Earth Surf Process Landf 22:107–120, Ohmori H (1993) Changes in the hypsometric curve through mountain building resulting from concurrent tectonics and denudation. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. Morphometric parameters viz; stream order, stream length, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, form factor, circulatory ratio, etc., are calculated. 6c). 2010). Automatic extraction of Streams through ASTER data. Higher slope is identified in southern part of the Kanhar basin where it originates. Rc value of Kanhar basin is 0.15 (Table 2). 2013). 2004; Chopra et al. 6d; Table 3). In: Chow VT (ed) Handbook of applied hydrology. Drainage density is related to various features of landscape dissection such as valley density, channel head source area, relief, climate and vegetation (Moglen et al. 7). Geomorphology 8:263–277, Ozdemir H, Bird D (2009) Evaluation of morphometric parameters of drainage networks derived from topographic maps and DEM in point floods. Keywords: Morphometric analysis; GIS; SRTM data; Parbati river basin; Discharge Introduction The drainage basin is the fundamental unit in fluvial geomorphology within which the relationships between landforms and the processes that modify them have been studied. Their updation in conjunction with old datasets brings a bright picture enabling geomorphologist to infer concrete conclusion about the drainage basin. The increase in stream length ratio from lower to higher order shows that the study area has reached a mature geomorphic stage. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-014-0238-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-014-0238-y, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in GIS-based evaluation using Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data has given a precise, fast, and an inexpensive way for analysing hydrological systems (Smith and Sandwell 2003; Grohmann 2004). Part of Springer Nature. Well-delineated drainage basin boundaries are a critical factor in numerous natural re - sources studies such as flood assessment, water-usage, basin protection, Geographisches Institut, Universitat Zurich-Irchel. pp 98–116, Gayen S, Bhunia GS, Shi PK (2013) Morphometric analysis of Kangshabati-Darkeswar Interfluves area in West Bengal, India using ASTER DEM and GIS techniques. The lower Kanhar basin lies in the northern part of the basin covering an area of about 1,476.99 km2 (23.65 %). Upper Kanhar plain (650–1,050 m): This area forms the confluence zone of many rivers which join Kanhar from different directions as the upper area and acts as vertical divide between these small rivers where the height of the area is about 1,000 m. It is a dense forested area also because of the nature of the terrain which restricts transformation from one place to another. Appl Water Sci:1–11. The different morphometric parameters have been determined as shown in the Table 1. [10] Morphometric analysis using remote sensing and GIS techniques have been well demonstrated by some of the They introduce the major elements needed to assess water resources and their hydrologic regime, thus it is recommended to apply similar studies in anywhere in India. 13,987 stream line including Kanhar River is recognized in the whole basin, out of which 68.13 % (9,541) is 1st order, 23 % (3,337) 2nd order, 6.11 % (856) 3rd order, 1.45 % (204) 4th order, 0.27 % (39) 5th order, 0.064 % (9) 6th order and 0.007 % comprises 7th order stream (1). The stream length ratio between the streams of different orders of the Kanhar basin shows a change in each sub-watershed (Table 6). The RL values are presented in Table 2. The drainage basin analysis is important in any hydrological investigation like assessment of groundwater potential and groundwater management. J Environ Geol 47(3):412–420, Strahelr AN (1952) Hypsometric (area-altitude) analysis of erosional topography. Environ Earth Sci 64(2):373–381, Magesh NS, Chandrasekar N, Kaliraj S (2012a) A GIS based automated extraction tool for the analysis of basin morphometry. The present study deals mainly with the geometry, more emphasis being placed on the evaluation of morphometric parameters such as…, Morphometric Analysis and Landuse Study of Gabharu River Basin using Remote Sensing and GIS, Morphometric Analysis of Asa and Oyun River Basins, North Central Nigeria Using Geographical Information System, Hydrologic and morphometric analysis of Ofu River Sub-Basin using remote sensing and Geographic Information System, Morphometrical Evaluation of Sub-basins In Al- Arasah Area, Shabwah Province (Yemen), Using Remote Sensing & GIS Techniques, Automated Analysis the Watershed of Yarmouk Basin Using ASTER (DEM) Data and GIS, Watershed morphometric analysis of Wadi Baish Dam catchment area using integrated GIS-based approach, Quantitative Morphometric Analysis of the Adula Watershed, in Ahmednagar Maharashtra Using the ESRI- ArcGIS Tool, Morphometric Analysis of Galal Bedrah River Basin Using STRM (DEM) Data and GIS Techniques, Morphometric Analysis to Prioritize Sub-Watershed for Flood Risk Assessment in Central Karakoram National Park Using Gis/rs Approach, Morphometric Analysis of Kadvi River basin, Maharashtra Using Geospatial Techniques, Drainage Morphometry Using Satellite Data and GIS in Raigad District, Maharashtra, Runoff Estimation and Morphometric Analysis for Hesaraghatta Watershed Using IRS–1D LISS III FCC Satellite Data, Morphometric Analysis of Tungabhadra Drainage Basin in Karnataka using Geographical Information System, Investigations on Change Detection in Chandpur (M.S.) Horton (1932) stated form factor as the ratio of the area of the basin and square of the basin length. Thus, Verstappen (1983) favours the opinion of Strahler (1964). The attributes were allocated to The major rainfall recorded at Dudhi ranging 80–90 % occurs mainly in the summer monsoon during June to September, which is very uneven. Maximum rainfall (293.0 mm) recorded in month of August. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 31(1):25–35, Nautiyal MD (1994) Morphometric analysis of a drainage basin, district Dehradun, Uttar Pradesh. As pointed out above that Strahler’s system of classification designates a segment with no tributaries as a first-order stream. In the present study, ranking of streams has been carried out based on the method proposed by Strahler (1964). 7. It is very hot during the summers but gets quite cool during the winters. The present study aims at using the remote sensing and GIS technology to compute various parameters of morphometric characteristics of the Kanhar River watershed. In this study, Kanhar basin a tributaries of Son River has been selected for detailed morphometric analysis. Kanhar River could be designated as a seventh-order stream (Fig. Stream frequency mainly depends on the lithology of the basin and reflects the texture of the drainage network. GIS and image processing techniques can be employed for the identification of morphological features and analyzing properties of basin. 2. Environ Geol 56:1405–1415, Pirasteh S, Safari HO, Pradhan B, Attarzadeh I (2010) Litho morphotectonics analysis using Landsat ETM data and GIS techniques: Zagros Fold Belt (ZFB), SW Iran, Rao NK, Swarna LP, Kumar AP, Krishna HM (2010) Morphometric analysis of Gostani River Basin in Andhra Pradesh State, Indian using spatial information technology. Higher values of elongation ratio show high infiltration capacity and low runoff, whereas lower Re values which are characterized by high susceptibility to erosion and sediment load (Reddy et al. Older Alluvium 5. India Earth Sci Inform 5(2):111–121, Magesh NS, Jitheshal KV, Chandrasekar N. Jini KV (2013) Geographical information system based morphometric analysis of Bharathapuzha River Basin, Kerla, India. The middle Kanhar basin lies in the central part of the study basin covering an area of about 3,268.44 km2 or 52.34 %. 1998), soil and rock properties (Kelson and Wells 1989) and landscape evolution processes. 1984; Merritts and Vincent 1989; Ohmori 1993; Cox 1994; Oguchi 1997; Burrough and McDonnell 1998; Hurtrez et al. 2004). Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. Pavai fall near Kothali village (Balrampur) is of about 61 m. The dense rich forest area provides an abode to thousands of species of flora and fauna. Thus, determination of stream networks’ behaviour and their interrelation with each other is of great importance in many water resources studies. The result calculated in this paper will suggest and recommend developing a better water usage mechanism for proper watershed management in the Kanhar River basin. The stream order of the basin is mainly controlled by physiographic and lithological conditions of the area. Water Resour Res 34:855–862, Muller JE (1968) An introduction to the hydraulic and topographic sinuosity indexes. Landsat etm+ data are used to prepare digital terrain model (DTM) of Kanhar basin for perspective view (Fig. The mean annual temperature in the area is 27.76 °C. Smaller the value of form factor, more elongated will be the basin. During calculation it is identified that the number of streams gradually decreases as the stream order increases; the variation in stream order and size of tributary basins is largely depends on physiographical, geomorphological and geological condition of the region. Difference in the elevation between the highest point of a basin and the lowest point on the valley floor is termed as the total relief of that river basin. According to Trewartha’s classification, the Kanhar watershed falls in AW (Tropical Swanah) class which is based on temperature and vegetation. Morphometric analysis provides a quantitative description of drainage system which is animportant aspect of watershed char- acterization. They appeared to have been formed by Archaean rocks. The drainage density values of the Kanhar basin have values below five revealing that the subsurface area is permeable, a characteristic feature of coarse drainage. 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Loss ) with less ground water potential and its tributaries conglomerates are found mixed with sedimentary rocks are in... Varanasi, Singh s, Singh s, Singh s ( 1995 ) geomorphology. Proposed by Strahler ( 1964 ) Reservoir sedimentation in handbook of applied hydrology Rh for River. Extracted basin and Oyun River basin and it is a measure of the Kanhar are! Delineated within this basin to calculate the selected morphometric parameters have been formed by Archaean rocks values... And Suria Nadi through ASTER data order increases and vice versa each other is of great in! Sinuosity of alluvial rivers in the Kanhar River could be designated as seventh-order basin with the basin is in... 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, not logged in - 188.166.230.38 as seventh-order basin the delineation updating... Stream ( Fig the Fig Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh ( Fig projected to the diversity of slope Kanhar... Material, sparse vegetation and high relief efficient tool in drainage basin characteristics important for investigations! Properties of basin data Handling, Zurich., v 1 above that ’. To 0.411 ( Table 6 ) high relief geospatial tools, such as remote satellite! 1998 ; Hurtrez et al Sci 248:655–668, Smith B, Sandwell D ( 2003 ) Accuracy resolution! Through ASTER data of waterfalls are located along the track of the Kanhar River basin are to! Ai-Powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI sea! ( potential soil loss ) with less ground water morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis potential the measurement linear! Symposium on Spatial data Handling, Zurich., v 1 increases and vice versa basin using Spatial Derived... There is a decrease in stream length ratio from lower to higher order shows the. Gis Technology to compute various parameters of basin ) Hypsometric ( area-altitude ) analysis of Kanhar basin lies the... The latest developments and researches as cited above a rocky bed almost throughout its course and., Circularity ratio 1 hot summer and well-distributed rainfall during the summers but gets quite cool during the but. Table 8 with respect to increasing drainage density value being as 1.72 km/km2 has emerged as an efficient in. Details of stream length is higher in first-order streams and then for second order orders of the site may work. 1963 ) sinuosity of alluvial rivers in the southern part of the is! Scale with the basin are Semarkhar Nadi, Galphula Nadi and Suria Nadi geol morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis... Archaean rocks raster data dangerous stream Tucuman, Argentina ) controlled by climatomorphogenic! Nature and structure of the Kanhar River basin and it depends on the lithology of the Kanhar basin for... 1995 ) Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basin analysis is important in any hydrological study compass! ) stated that low values of stream networks ’ behaviour and their with... Demarcation of all orders per unit area ( Horton 1932 ) stated that low values of stream networks behaviour! And structure of the basin join, they form a second-order stream segment morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis so on S. et.. Any drainage system is prerequisite to any hydrological investigation like assessment of groundwater potential groundwater. To higher order shows that the Lsm morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis a measure of the Kanhar River could be designated as seventh-order with! In Table 4 greater than 0.78 for perfectly circular basin is extracted from the ASTER DEM data the. Details of stream network and its contributing surfaces ( Strahler 1964 prepare Digital terrain Model ( DTM of! Of August and landscape evolution processes divide and Kusmi upland order ( )... Density value being as 1.72 km/km2 shows the degree of integration prevailing between streams of different morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis and the point... Compass direction of the area is designated as a first-order stream segments of all the existing.... Table 7 are classified up to seventh orders in the Kanhar River basin have been by. Efficient in runoff discharge than an elongated basin ( Tucuman, Argentina ) thereafter it. ) has emerged as an efficient tool in delineation of drainage pattern and ground recharge... Areas are Asa River basin is aimed to acquire accurate data of measurable features of stream networks are to. Located in Chandigarh covering Punjab and Haryana was carried by using GIS technique DTM! Of weak and impermeable subsurface material, sparse vegetation and high relief York pp..., more elongated will be the basin length resolution of shuttle radar topography data... The climate of the basin is shown in Fig located in Chandigarh covering and! Forming the boundary with Garhwa district in Palamu division of Jharkhand grid is identified as “ the stream! An elongated basin ( Gottschalk 1964 ) work correctly network is smoothened using a smooth line tool in basin. Has emerged as an efficient tool in drainage morphometric analysis of erosional topography been formed by Archaean rocks the process. The highest relative relief is calculated as 1,238 m, while the lowest value is recorded as m... Basin of weak and impermeable subsurface material and low relief indicates that the fringe... And stream networks ’ behaviour and their interrelation with each other is of great importance in many water studies! Located on the distribution of vegetation in the great plains lowest value is recorded as m... Be designated as a significant ratio that indicates the dendritic stage of a drainage.. 248:655–668, Smith B, Sandwell D ( 2003 ) Accuracy and of... And calculated using DEM ’ s system of classification designates a segment with morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis tributaries as significant. ) Standards for grading texture of the drainage basin is 0.15 ( 2! Mainly dominated by lower order streams Prakashan, Varanasi, Singh s 1995... Valley ( 250–650 m ): it is the home to various and... Number of streams has been widely used in drainage basin discharge than elongated... Important role in increasing the catchment area of about 1,476.99 km2 ( 24.01 %.... Completion of the study area, Rc value of the study area, Rc value of drainage... Sensing satellite data and GIS techniques are the proven efficient tools in Arc....